HMGB1 (基因名), High mobility group protein B1 (蛋白名), hmgb1_human.
产品名称:
Human HMGB1/ High mobility group protein B1 Recombinant Protein
高迁移率族蛋白B1
货号:
R0399h
商标:
EIAab®
监管等级:
别名:
High mobility group protein 1, HMG-1, HMG1
序列号:
P09429
来源:
E.coli
种属:
Human
标签:
His
序列:
1-120aa
预估分子量:
13.2 kDa (monomer)
纯度:
Greater than 95% by SDS-PAGE
浓度:
Reconstitution Dependent
形态:
Liquid
内毒素水平:
Please contact protein@eiaab.com The technician for more information.
应用:
存储缓冲液:
50mM NaH2PO4, 500mM NaCl Buffer with 500mM Imidazole, 10%glycerol(PH8.0)
存储:
Store at -20°C. (Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.)
研究领域:
Epigenetics
R&D 技术数据
The PCR product of human HMGB1 gene was determined by 1% Agarose stained with EB.
Recombinant human HMGB1 protein was determined by 12% SDS-PAGE stained with Coomassie Blue under reducing conditions.
基因位点
HMGB1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
通用注释
亚单元:
(Microbial infection) Interacts with adenovirus protein pVII; this interaction immobilizes HMGB1 on chromatin, thus preventing its release from cell and subsequent inflammation activation.
功能:
In the extracellular compartment (following either active secretion or passive release) involved in regulation of the inflammatory response. Fully reduced HGMB1 (which subsequently gets oxidized after release) in association with CXCL12 mediates the recruitment of inflammatory cells during the initial phase of tissue injury; the CXCL12:HMGB1 complex triggers CXCR4 homodimerization (PubMed:22370717). Induces the migration of monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells and seems to regulate adhesive and migratory functions of neutrophils implicating AGER/RAGE and ITGAM (By similarity). Can bind to various types of DNA and RNA including microbial unmethylated CpG-DNA to enhance the innate immune response to nucleic acids. Proposed to act in promiscuous DNA/RNA sensing which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (By similarity). Promotes extracellular DNA-induced AIM2 inflammasome activation implicating AGER/RAGE (PubMed:24971542). Disulfide HMGB1 binds to transmembrane receptors, such as AGER/RAGE, TLR2, TLR4 and probably TREM1, thus activating their signal transduction pathways. Mediates the release of cytokines/chemokines such as TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL10 (PubMed:12765338, PubMed:18354232, PubMed:19264983, PubMed:20547845, PubMed:24474694). Promotes secretion of interferon-gamma by macrophage-stimulated natural killer (NK) cells in concert with other cytokines like IL-2 or IL-12 (PubMed:15607795). TLR4 is proposed to be the primary receptor promoting macrophage activation and signaling through TLR4 seems to implicate LY96/MD-2 (PubMed:20547845). In bacterial LPS- or LTA-mediated inflammatory responses binds to the endotoxins and transfers them to CD14 for signaling to the respective TLR4:LY96 and TLR2 complexes (PubMed:18354232, PubMed:21660935, PubMed:25660311). Contributes to tumor proliferation by association with ACER/RAGE (By similarity). Can bind to IL1-beta and signals through the IL1R1:IL1RAP receptor complex (PubMed:18250463). Binding to class A CpG activates cytokine production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells implicating TLR9, MYD88 and AGER/RAGE and can activate autoreactive B cells. Via HMGB1-containing chromatin immune complexes may also promote B cell responses to endogenous TLR9 ligands through a B-cell receptor (BCR)-dependent and ACER/RAGE-independent mechanism (By similarity). Inhibits phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages; the function is dependent on poly-ADP-ribosylation and involves binding to phosphatidylserine on the cell surface of apoptotic cells (By similarity). In adaptive immunity may be involved in enhancing immunity through activation of effector T cells and suppression of regulatory T (TReg) cells (PubMed:15944249, PubMed:22473704). In contrast, without implicating effector or regulatory T-cells, required for tumor infiltration and activation of T-cells expressing the lymphotoxin LTA:LTB heterotrimer thus promoting tumor malignant progression (By similarity). Also reported to limit proliferation of T-cells (By similarity). Released HMGB1:nucleosome complexes formed during apoptosis can signal through TLR2 to induce cytokine production (PubMed:19064698). Involved in induction of immunological tolerance by apoptotic cells; its pro-inflammatory activities when released by apoptotic cells are neutralized by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent oxidation specifically on Cys-106 (PubMed:18631454). During macrophage activation by activated lymphocyte-derived self apoptotic DNA (ALD-DNA) promotes recruitment of ALD-DNA to endosomes (By similarity).
亚细胞位置:
Nucleus
Chromosome
Cytoplasm
Secreted
Cell membrane
Peripheral membrane protein
Extracellular side
Endosome
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
In basal state predominantly nuclear. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus (PubMed:12231511, PubMed:17114460). Translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm upon autophagy stimulation (PubMed:20819940). Release from macrophages in the extracellular milieu requires the activation of NLRC4 or NLRP3 inflammasomes (By similarity). Passively released to the extracellular milieu from necrotic cells by diffusion, involving the fully reduced HGMB1 which subsequently gets oxidized (PubMed:19811284). Also released from apoptotic cells (PubMed:16855214, PubMed:18631454). Active secretion from a variety of immune and non-immune cells such as macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells and natural killer cells in response to various stimuli such as LPS and cytokines involves a nonconventional secretory process via secretory lysosomes (PubMed:12231511, PubMed:14532127, PubMed:15944249). Secreted by plasma cells in response to LPS (By similarity). Found on the surface of activated platelets (PubMed:11154118). An increased chromatin association is observed when associated with the adenovirus protein pVII (PubMed:27362237).
数据库链接
验证序列:
[1].
E Kozłowska, E Brzezińska-Błaszczyk, J Agier, et al.
[2].
P Penza, P Czupryna, O Zajkowska, et al.
[4].
P Oktayoglu, S Em, M Tahtasiz, et al.
[5].
[6].
VS Chachay, GA Macdonald, JH Martin, et al.
[1].
"Oxidation of the alarmin high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) during apoptosis."
[2].
"Proteomic screen defines the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha-binding partners and identifies HMGB1 as a new cofactor of HNF1alpha."
[5].
"The nuclear protein HMGB1 is secreted by monocytes via a non-classical, vesicle-mediated secretory pathway."
[1].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白是否是无菌的？
蛋白试剂瓶和蛋白保存液是经过高压灭菌的，但也不能保证蛋白是完全无菌的。如果要求蛋白是无菌的，可以用0.2微米的滤器对蛋白进行过滤。
[2].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白的保存缓冲液是什么？
纯化后的蛋白保存在PBS（58mM Na2HPO4, 17mM NaH2PO4, 68mM NaCl, pH7.4）里，并往里面加入500mM咪唑和10%甘油。
[3].
怎样确定人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白的浓度？
蛋白浓度的确定没有一个统一的标准，这主要取决于蛋白的氨基酸序列。伊艾博是根据不同测试的组合来测定蛋白浓度。考马斯亮蓝法、BCA法、氨基酸序列和氨基酸全序列分析法等都用来测定蛋白浓度。
[4].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白蛋白保存条件是怎样的？
蛋白应保存在 -20℃或 -80℃条件下，为了避免反复冻融，可以将蛋白分装成小份保存。
[5].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白是否可以用于活体实验？
重组蛋白没有用于任何的活体实验，因此蛋白的活性和半衰期是不确定的。
[6].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白的保质期是多久？
在适当的保存条件下，从购买之日起蛋白可以稳定保存6-12个月。适当的保存条件是:蛋白保存在-20°C o或 -80℃，保证蛋白的保存浓度高于0.1mg/ml，限制蛋白反复冻融的次数。我们公司常规的质量检测保证所有产品在销售时都有可接受的生物活性。但是我们不能控制终端用户蛋白的保存条件。如果产品在有效期内出现问题，请联系我们的技术支持。
[7].
你们蛋白和抗体的报价是怎么样的？
我们将根据你需要的蛋白和抗体的大小进行报价。
[8].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白是否能够提供蛋白片段？
我们现有的人的蛋白的序列可以有很多。你可以选择你感兴趣的靶向部分，我们将会按您的需求提供蛋白和抗体。
[9].
人高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)重组蛋白的货期或发货时间一般是多长？
具体指标的货期需要确定。最快一周，最长可能一个月。
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